"""L1 xdotool/scrot 后端实现：XdotoolBackend。

通过 xdotool 调用 X11 自动化操作（点击 / 输入 / 按键 / 窗口管理），
scrot 截图输出 stdout 不落盘。所有子进程调用经 _run_managed 上下文管理器，
确保 TimeoutError / CancelledError / 其他异常路径下子进程均被 kill+wait 收尸，
无僵尸进程残留。

分层超时常量：
- _CMD_TIMEOUT_SEC=5.0：单条 xdotool/scrot 命令超时
- _STEP_MIN_TIMEOUT_SEC=7.0：单步 UI 操作最小超时
- _FLOW_TIMEOUT_SEC=30.0：完整发送流程超时
- _HTTP_TIMEOUT_SEC=60.0：HTTP 端到端超时
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import logging
import os
import time
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
from typing import AsyncIterator, Optional

from woc_bridge.ui.backends.base import BackendProtocol, WindowGeometry

logger = logging.getLogger("woc-bridge")

# 分层超时常量（P1 阶段已落地，供 _run_managed / _step / flow / http 使用）
_CMD_TIMEOUT_SEC = 5.0
_STEP_MIN_TIMEOUT_SEC = 7.0
_FLOW_TIMEOUT_SEC = 30.0
_HTTP_TIMEOUT_SEC = 60.0


class XdotoolBackend(BackendProtocol):
    """xdotool + scrot 后端实现。

    所有 UI 操作受 self._ui_lock 串行保护，避免并发点击导致焦点错乱。
    asyncio.Lock 必须在事件循环中创建，故在 __init__ 中创建而非模块顶层。
    """

    def __init__(self, display: str = ":1") -> None:
        """初始化后端。

        Args:
            display: X server display 地址，如 ":1"
        """
        self.display = display
        # asyncio.Lock 必须在事件循环中创建，不在模块顶层
        self._ui_lock = asyncio.Lock()
        self._debug_shots_enabled = (
            os.environ.get("WOC_UI_DEBUG_SHOTS", "false").lower() == "true"
        )
        self._debug_queue: asyncio.Queue = asyncio.Queue()
        self._debug_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    # 环境与子进程管理
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    def _env(self) -> dict:
        """返回带 DISPLAY 的环境副本。"""
        env = dict(os.environ)
        env["DISPLAY"] = self.display
        return env

    @asynccontextmanager
    async def _run_managed(
        self, args: list[str]
    ) -> AsyncIterator[tuple[int, bytes, bytes]]:
        """执行子进程的上下文管理器，确保取消/超时/异常都 kill+wait 收尸。

        用法：
            async with self._run_managed(args) as (rc, stdout, stderr):
                ...

        任何异常路径均保证 proc.kill() + await proc.wait()，无僵尸残留。
        """
        proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
            *args,
            stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
            env=self._env(),
        )
        try:
            stdout, stderr = await asyncio.wait_for(
                proc.communicate(), timeout=_CMD_TIMEOUT_SEC
            )
        except (asyncio.TimeoutError, asyncio.CancelledError):
            # 显式 kill + wait，再超时仅记日志
            proc.kill()
            try:
                await asyncio.wait_for(proc.wait(), timeout=5.0)
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                logger.error(
                    "[ui-backend] proc.wait() timeout after kill: %s", args[0]
                )
            raise
        except Exception:
            # 兜底：未退出的子进程一律 kill+wait（带超时，避免无限阻塞 _ui_lock）
            if proc.returncode is None:
                proc.kill()
                try:
                    await asyncio.wait_for(proc.wait(), timeout=5.0)
                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                    logger.error(
                        "[ui-backend] proc.wait() timeout after kill: %s",
                        args[0] if args else "?",
                    )
            raise
        yield (proc.returncode, stdout, stderr)

    async def _run(self, args: list[str]) -> tuple[int, bytes, bytes]:
        """执行一条命令并返回 (returncode, stdout, stderr)。"""
        async with self._run_managed(args) as result:
            return result

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    # BackendProtocol 实现
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    async def click(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
        """合并 mousemove --sync + click 1 为单条 xdotool 命令。

        关键：单条命令，避免分两次 fork 之间窗口焦点变化导致点击错位。
        """
        async with self._ui_lock:
            await self._run(
                [
                    "xdotool",
                    "mousemove",
                    "--sync",
                    str(x),
                    str(y),
                    "click",
                    "1",
                ]
            )

    async def type_text(self, text: str) -> None:
        """xdotool type -- <text>：原样输入文本，不解析修饰键组合。"""
        async with self._ui_lock:
            await self._run(["xdotool", "type", "--", text])

    async def key_press(self, key: str, repeat: int = 1) -> None:
        """xdotool key [--repeat N] <key>。"""
        async with self._ui_lock:
            args = ["xdotool", "key"]
            if repeat > 1:
                args.extend(["--repeat", str(repeat)])
            args.append(key)
            await self._run(args)

    async def screenshot(self) -> bytes:
        """scrot -o - 输出 PNG 到 stdout，不写文件。

        超时 5s，TimeoutError/CancelledError 时 kill+wait。
        """
        async with self._ui_lock:
            # scrot -o - 输出到 stdout
            proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
                "scrot",
                "-o",
                "-",
                stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                env=self._env(),
            )
            try:
                stdout, _ = await asyncio.wait_for(
                    proc.communicate(), timeout=_CMD_TIMEOUT_SEC
                )
            except (asyncio.TimeoutError, asyncio.CancelledError):
                proc.kill()
                try:
                    await asyncio.wait_for(proc.wait(), timeout=5.0)
                except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                    logger.error("[ui-backend] scrot proc.wait() timeout after kill")
                raise
            except Exception:
                if proc.returncode is None:
                    proc.kill()
                    try:
                        await asyncio.wait_for(proc.wait(), timeout=5.0)
                    except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                        logger.error(
                            "[ui-backend] scrot proc.wait() timeout after kill"
                        )
                raise
            return stdout

    async def get_window_geometry(self, window_title: str) -> WindowGeometry:
        """按标题查窗口并返回几何。容忍多个匹配窗口，取第一个。

        Raises:
            RuntimeError: 窗口未找到（TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code=WINDOW_NOT_FOUND)）
        """
        # 1. 查窗口 id（容忍多匹配，取第一个）
        rc, stdout, _ = await self._run(
            ["xdotool", "search", "--name", window_title]
        )
        if rc != 0:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: search failed for title={window_title!r}"
            )
        text = stdout.decode(errors="ignore").strip()
        if not text:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: no window matches title={window_title!r}"
            )
        first_line = text.splitlines()[0].strip()
        try:
            window_id = int(first_line)
        except ValueError:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: invalid window id={first_line!r} for title={window_title!r}"
            )

        # 2. 获取几何
        rc, stdout, _ = await self._run(
            ["xdotool", "getwindowgeometry", "--shell", str(window_id)]
        )
        if rc != 0:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: getwindowgeometry failed for id={window_id}"
            )
        geom: dict[str, str] = {}
        for line in stdout.decode(errors="ignore").splitlines():
            if "=" in line:
                k, v = line.split("=", 1)
                geom[k.strip()] = v.strip()
        try:
            return WindowGeometry(
                x=int(geom.get("X", 0)),
                y=int(geom.get("Y", 0)),
                width=int(geom.get("WIDTH", 0)),
                height=int(geom.get("HEIGHT", 0)),
            )
        except ValueError:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: invalid geometry for id={window_id}"
            )

    async def activate_window(self, window_title: str) -> None:
        """激活指定标题的窗口。

        Raises:
            RuntimeError: 窗口未找到（TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code=WINDOW_NOT_FOUND)）
        """
        rc, stdout, _ = await self._run(
            ["xdotool", "search", "--name", window_title]
        )
        if rc != 0:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: search failed for title={window_title!r}"
            )
        text = stdout.decode(errors="ignore").strip()
        if not text:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: no window matches title={window_title!r}"
            )
        first_line = text.splitlines()[0].strip()
        try:
            window_id = int(first_line)
        except ValueError:
            # TODO: P3 时换 FlowError(code="WINDOW_NOT_FOUND", retryable=False)
            raise RuntimeError(
                f"WINDOW_NOT_FOUND: invalid window id={first_line!r} for title={window_title!r}"
            )
        await self._run(["xdotool", "windowactivate", "--sync", str(window_id)])

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    # 调试截图异步队列（生产环境关闭，调试模式后台写盘）
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    async def _debug_screenshot_async(self, step: str, trace_id: str = "") -> None:
        """入队调试截图请求，由后台 worker 串行写盘，不阻塞关键路径。

        生产环境（WOC_UI_DEBUG_SHOTS=false）直接 return。
        """
        if not self._debug_shots_enabled:
            return
        try:
            self._debug_queue.put_nowait((step, trace_id, time.time()))
        except asyncio.QueueFull:
            logger.warning("[ui-backend] debug queue full, drop shot step=%s", step)
            return
        if self._debug_task is None or self._debug_task.done():
            self._debug_task = asyncio.create_task(self._debug_writer())

    async def _debug_writer(self) -> None:
        """后台 worker：从队列取 (step, trace_id, ts) 写盘到 /tmp/woc_debug/。

        文件名格式：{trace_id}_{step}_{ts_ms}.png
        异常时记 warning 不抛，避免拖垮整个后端。
        """
        while True:
            try:
                step, trace_id, ts = await self._debug_queue.get()
            except asyncio.CancelledError:
                return
            try:
                os.makedirs("/tmp/woc_debug", exist_ok=True)
                path = f"/tmp/woc_debug/{trace_id}_{step}_{int(ts * 1000)}.png"
                await self._run(["scrot", path])
            except Exception as exc:
                logger.warning(
                    "[ui-backend] debug writer failed step=%s: %s", step, exc
                )

    @property
    def capabilities(self) -> set[str]:
        """返回后端支持的能力集合。"""
        return {"click", "type", "key", "screenshot", "window"}