afv-library/skills/platform-data-manage/references/governor-limits-reference.md

Governor Limits Reference

Essential limits for Salesforce data operations.

SOQL Limits

Limit	Synchronous	Asynchronous
Total queries	100	200
Rows retrieved	50,000	50,000
QueryLocator rows	N/A	50,000,000
Query timeout	120 seconds	120 seconds

DML Limits

Limit	Synchronous	Asynchronous
DML statements	150	150
Rows processed	10,000	10,000

CPU and Memory

Limit	Synchronous	Asynchronous
CPU time	10,000 ms	60,000 ms
Heap size	6 MB	12 MB

Bulk API Limits

Limit	Value
Batches per 24 hours	10,000
Records per 24 hours	10,000,000
Max file size	100 MB
Concurrent jobs	100

Staying Within Limits

SOQL Best Practices

// BAD: Query in loop
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    List<Contact> cons = [SELECT Id FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = :acc.Id];  // ❌
}

// GOOD: Single query with relationship
List<Account> accs = [
    SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Contacts)
    FROM Account
    WHERE Id IN :accountIds
];  // ✓

DML Best Practices

// BAD: DML in loop
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    update acc;  // ❌
}

// GOOD: Bulk DML
update accounts;  // ✓

Monitoring Limits

System.debug('SOQL Queries: ' + Limits.getQueries() + '/' + Limits.getLimitQueries());
System.debug('DML Statements: ' + Limits.getDmlStatements() + '/' + Limits.getLimitDmlStatements());
System.debug('DML Rows: ' + Limits.getDmlRows() + '/' + Limits.getLimitDmlRows());
System.debug('CPU Time: ' + Limits.getCpuTime() + '/' + Limits.getLimitCpuTime());
System.debug('Heap Size: ' + Limits.getHeapSize() + '/' + Limits.getLimitHeapSize());